RESUMO
Four yeast isolates collected from flowers from different ecosystems in Brazil, one from fruit of Nothofagus alpina in Argentina, three from flowers of Neltuma chilensis in Chile and one obtained from the proventriculus of a female bumblebee in Canada were demonstred, by analysis of the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene, to represent two novel species of the genus Starmerella. These species are described here as Starmerella gilliamiae f.a, sp. nov. (CBS 16166T; Mycobank MB 851206) and Starmerella monicapupoae f.a., sp. nov. (PYCC 8997T; Mycobank MB 851207). The results of a phylogenomic analysis using 1037 single-copy orthogroups indicated that S. gilliamiae is a member of a subclade that contains Starmerella opuntiae, Starmerella aceti and Starmerella apicola. The results also indicated that S. monicapupoae is phylogenetically related to Starmerella riodocensis. The two isolates of S. monicapupoae were obtained from flowers in Brazil and were probably vectored by insects that visit these substrates. Starmerella gilliamiae has a wide geographical distribution having been isolated in flowers from Brazil and Chile, fruit from Argentina and a bumblebee from Canada.
Assuntos
Ecossistema , Saccharomycetales , Animais , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , Ácidos Graxos/química , Saccharomycetales/genética , InsetosRESUMO
Four yeast isolates with an affinity to the genus Wickerhamiella were obtained from beach sand, a marine zoanthid and a tree exudate at different localities in Brazil. Two other isolates with almost identical ITS and D1/D2 sequences of the large subunit rRNA gene were isolated from the small intestine of cattle and a grease trap in Thailand. These isolates represent a novel species phylogenetically related to Wickerhamiella verensis, Wickerhamiella osmotolerans, Wickerhamiella tropicalis, Wickerhamiella sorbophila and Wickerhamiella infanticola. The novel species differs by 15-30 nucleotide differences from these species in the D1/D2 sequences. The name Wickerhamiella martinezcruziae f.a., sp. nov. is proposed. The holotype of Wickerhamiella martinezcruziae sp. nov. is CBS 16104T. The MycoBank number is MB 839328.
Assuntos
Filogenia , Saccharomycetales , Animais , Composição de Bases , Brasil , Bovinos/microbiologia , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Intestino Delgado/microbiologia , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , Exsudatos de Plantas , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Saccharomycetales/classificação , Saccharomycetales/isolamento & purificação , Areia/microbiologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Tailândia , Clima TropicalRESUMO
Two novel yeast species were isolated during three independent studies of yeasts associated with natural substrates in Brazil and Taiwan. Analysis of the sequences of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene showed that these novel species belong to the Wickerhamiella clade. The first was isolated from freshwater and a leaf of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) in Brazil and from leaves of Wedelia biflora in Taiwan. Described here as Wickerhamiella slavikovae sp. nov., it differs by 56 nucleotide substitutions and 19 gaps in the D1/D2 region of the large subunit rRNA gene from Candida sorbophila, the least divergent species. The second species, named Wickerhamiella goesii sp. nov., was isolated from leaves and the rhizosphere of sugar cane collected in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The species differs by 54 nucleotide substitutions and nine gaps in the D1/D2 domains from Candida drosophilae, its least divergent relative. The type strains are Wickerhamiella slavikovae sp. nov. IMUFRJ 52096(T) (= CBS 12417(T) = DBVPG 8032(T)) and Wickerhamiella goesii sp. nov. IMUFRJ 52102(T) (= CBS 12419(T) = DBVPG 8034(T)).
Assuntos
Filogenia , Saccharomycetales/classificação , Saccharum/microbiologia , Brasil , DNA Fúngico/genética , Água Doce/microbiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Subunidades Ribossômicas Maiores de Eucariotos/genética , Saccharomycetales/genética , Saccharomycetales/isolamento & purificação , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Taiwan , Wedelia/microbiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Independent surveys across the globe led to the proposal of a new basidiomycetous yeast genus within the Bulleromyces clade of the Tremellales, Bandoniozyma gen. nov., with seven new species. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The species were characterized by multiple methods, including the analysis of D1/D2 and ITS nucleotide sequences, and morphological and physiological/biochemical traits. Most species can ferment glucose, which is an unusual trait among basidiomycetous yeasts. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In this study we propose the new yeast genus Bandoniozyma, with seven species Bandoniozyma noutii sp. nov. (type species of genus; CBS 8364(T) â=â DBVPG 4489(T)), Bandoniozyma aquatica sp. nov. (UFMG-DH4.20(T) â=â CBS 12527(T) â=â ATCC MYA-4876(T)), Bandoniozyma complexa sp. nov. (CBS 11570(T) â=â ATCC MYA-4603(T) â=â MA28a(T)), Bandoniozyma fermentans sp. nov. (CBS 12399(T) â=â NU7M71(T) â=â BCRC 23267(T)), Bandoniozyma glucofermentans sp. nov. (CBS 10381(T) â=â NRRL Y-48076(T) â=â ATCC MYA-4760(T) â=â BG 02-7-15-015A-1-1(T)), Bandoniozyma tunnelae sp. nov. (CBS 8024(T) â=â DBVPG 7000(T)), and Bandoniozyma visegradensis sp. nov. (CBS 12505(T) â=â NRRL Y-48783(T) â=â NCAIM Y.01952(T)).
Assuntos
Basidiomycota/classificação , Basidiomycota/genética , DNA Fúngico/genética , Filogenia , Sequência de Bases , Basidiomycota/metabolismo , Núcleo Celular/genética , Citocromos b/genética , DNA Fúngico/química , DNA Mitocondrial/química , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Fermentação , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fator 1 de Elongação de Peptídeos/genética , RNA Ribossômico/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Especificidade da Espécie , Leveduras/classificação , Leveduras/genética , Leveduras/metabolismoRESUMO
Two novel yeast species were isolated from nectar of flower bracts of Heliconia psittacorum (Heliconiaceae) collected in a Cerrado ecosystem in the state of Tocantins, northern Brazil. Wickerhamiella pagnoccae sp. nov., which is closely related to Candida jalapaonensis, is heterothallic and produces one spheroid ascospore per ascus. Candida tocantinsensis sp. nov. belongs to the Metschnikowiaceae clade and its nearest relative is Candida ubatubensis, but the sequence identity (%) in the D1/D2 domains of the rRNA gene is low. The type strain of W. pagnoccae is UFMG-F18C1(T) (â=âCBS 12178(T)â=âNRRL Y-48735(T)) and the type strain of C. tocantinsensis is UFMG-F16D1(T) (â=âCBS 12177(T)â=âNRRL Y-48734(T)).
Assuntos
Candida , Flores/microbiologia , Heliconiaceae/microbiologia , Saccharomycetales , Brasil , Candida/classificação , Candida/genética , Candida/isolamento & purificação , DNA Fúngico/análise , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/análise , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Genes de RNAr , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 5,8S/genética , Saccharomycetales/classificação , Saccharomycetales/genética , Saccharomycetales/isolamento & purificação , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Two novel yeast species, Wickerhamomyces queroliae sp. nov. and Candida jalapaonensis sp. nov., were isolated, respectively, from larvae of Anastrepha mucronata (Diptera: Tephritidae) collected from ripe fruit of Peritassa campestris ('Bacupari', Hippocrateaceae) and from flowers of Centropogon cornutus (Campanulaceae) in the Cerrado ecosystem of the state of Tocantins, Brazil. Analysis of the D1/D2 large-subunit rRNA gene sequences placed W. queroliae in the Wickerhamomyces clade near Wickerhamomyces ciferri and Candida silvicultrix. Candida jalapaonensis belongs to the Wickerhamiella clade and is related to Candida drosophilae. The type strain of Wickerhamomyces queroliae is UFMG-05-T200.1(T) (=CBS 10936(T)=NRRL Y-48478(T)) and the type strain of Candida jalapaonensis is UFMG-03-T210(T) (=CBS 10935(T)=NRRL Y-48477(T)).
Assuntos
Campanulaceae/microbiologia , Candida/classificação , Ecossistema , Saccharomycetales/classificação , Tephritidae/microbiologia , Animais , Brasil , Candida/genética , Candida/isolamento & purificação , DNA Fúngico/análise , DNA Fúngico/isolamento & purificação , Flores/microbiologia , Frutas/parasitologia , Hippocrateaceae/parasitologia , Larva/microbiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Saccharomycetales/genética , Saccharomycetales/isolamento & purificação , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Especificidade da Espécie , Tephritidae/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
We studied the yeast communities associated with fruits, mushrooms, tree exudates, and flies of the genus Drosophila, in two Atlantic Rain Forest fragments in state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 456 samples were collected from Rio Doce State Park and 142 from Ecological Station of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. From these samples, 608 yeast isolates were obtained, belonging to 71 different species. Among the yeasts isolated from Rio Doce State Park, 17 isolates were recovered from fruits, 12 from mushrooms, 13 from tree exudates, and 299 from Drosophila spp. In the Ecological Station of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 24 isolates were recovered from fruits and 243 from Drosophila spp. Distinct communities of yeast were observed in Drosophila flies, fruits, mushrooms and tree exudates. The highest number of yeast species was recovered from Drosophila flies suggesting that flies are the natural vectors of these microorganisms.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as comunidades de leveduras associadas a frutos, cogumelos, exudatos de árvores e moscas do gênero Drosophila, em dois fragmentos de Mata Atlântica no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram coletadas 456 amostras no Parque Estadual do Rio Doce e 142 na Estação Ecológica da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Destas amostras foram obtidas 608 isolados de levedura, distribuídas em 71 espécies. Entre os isolados obtidos a partir do Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 17 foram provenientes de frutos, 12 de cogumelos, 13 de exudatos de árvores e 299 de Drosophila spp. A Estação Ecológica da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais possibilitou a obtenção de 24 isolados de frutos e 243 de Drosophila spp. Foram observadas comunidades distintas de leveduras associadas a Drosophila, frutos, cogumelos e exudatos de árvores. O maior número de espécies foi obtido em drosófilas, sugerindo que estas moscas são vetores naturais destes microrganismos.
Assuntos
Agaricales , Fragmentação do DNA , Drosophila/genética , Frutas , Técnicas In Vitro , Leveduras/isolamento & purificação , Vetores Artrópodes/genética , Amostras de Alimentos , Métodos , MétodosRESUMO
We studied the yeast communities associated with fruits, mushrooms, tree exudates, and flies of the genus Drosophila, in two Atlantic Rain Forest fragments in state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 456 samples were collected from Rio Doce State Park and 142 from Ecological Station of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. From these samples, 608 yeast isolates were obtained, belonging to 71 different species. Among the yeasts isolated from Rio Doce State Park, 17 isolates were recovered from fruits, 12 from mushrooms, 13 from tree exudates, and 299 from Drosophila spp. In the Ecological Station of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 24 isolates were recovered from fruits and 243 from Drosophila spp. Distinct communities of yeast were observed in Drosophila flies, fruits, mushrooms and tree exudates. The highest number of yeast species was recovered from Drosophila flies suggesting that flies are the natural vectors of these microorganisms.
RESUMO
In this study we evaluated the ability of Saccharomycopsis schoenii Nadson and Krassiln (UWO-PS 80-91) as biocontrol agent against plant pathogenic filamentous fungi P. expansum Link (UFMG 01-2002), P. italicum Wehmer (LCP 61.1199), and P. digitatum (Pers.: Fr.) (LCP 984263, LCP 68175 and LCP 4354). S. schoenii was able to reduce disease severity in oranges inoculated with all fungi. Among the phytopathogens, P. digitatum LCP4354 was the most virulent whereas P. digitatum LCP 68175 was the most susceptible to predation. The yeast was able to survive for 21 days on the fruit surface and did not produce lesions on oranges. Production of antagonistic substances by S. schoenii was not detected using standard techniques. Our results point to the potential use of S. schoenii to control postharvest phytopathogens in fruits.
Este estudo avaliou a capacidade de levedura Saccharomycopsis schoenii Nadson & Krassiln (UWO-PS 80-91) em controlar o crescimento dos fungos fitopatogênicos Penicillium expansum Link (UFMG 01-2002), P. italicum Wehmer (LCP 61.1199), e P. digitatum (Pers.: Fr.) (LCP 984263, LCP 68175 e LCP 4354). S. schoenii reduziu a severidade da doença em laranjas inoculadas com todos os fitopatógenos testados. Entre estes fitopatógenos, P. digitatum LCP4354 apresentou a maior virulência enquanto que P. digitatum LCP 68175 foi o mais suscetível à predação. A levedura foi capaz de permanecer viável, sem produzir lesões na superfície dos frutos por 21 dias. Outra característica desejável observada foi a ausência de produção de substâncias antagonistas. Sendo assim, este trabalho evidência o potencial de utilização da levedura S. schoenii em protocolos de controle biológico de doenças pós-colheita em laranjas.
Assuntos
Citrus sinensis , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Penicillium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Penicillium/isolamento & purificação , Saccharomycopsis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Saccharomycopsis/isolamento & purificação , Compostos Químicos , Métodos , VirulênciaRESUMO
In this study we evaluated the ability of Saccharomycopsis schoenii Nadson and Krassiln (UWO-PS 80-91) as biocontrol agent against plant pathogenic filamentous fungi P. expansum Link (UFMG 01-2002), P. italicum Wehmer (LCP 61.1199), and P. digitatum (Pers.: Fr.) (LCP 984263, LCP 68175 and LCP 4354). S. schoenii was able to reduce disease severity in oranges inoculated with all fungi. Among the phytopathogens, P. digitatum LCP4354 was the most virulent whereas P. digitatum LCP 68175 was the most susceptible to predation. The yeast was able to survive for 21 days on the fruit surface and did not produce lesions on oranges. Production of antagonistic substances by S. schoenii was not detected using standard techniques. Our results point to the potential use of S. schoenii to control postharvest phytopathogens in fruits.
RESUMO
A novel yeast species, Metschnikowia cerradonensis sp. nov., is described from 12 strains isolated from flowers of Ipomoea carnea and from beetles of the genus Conotelus in the Cerrado ecosystem in the region of Jalapão, Tocantins State, Brazil. Analysis of the sequences of the rRNA gene cluster suggested that M. cerradonensis is closely related to Metschnikowia santaceciliae, Metschnikowia continentalis and an undescribed species represented by strain UWOPS 00-154.1. These species mate together but ascospores are very rarely formed, showing that they represent distinct biological species. M. cerradonensis is apparently endemic to the Cerrado ecosystem of the Jalapão area. The type strain of M. cerradonensis is UFMG 03-T67.1(T) (h(+)) (=CBS 10409(T)=NRRL Y-48067(T)) and the designated allotype is UFMG 03-T68.1 (h(-)) (=CBS 10410=NRRL Y-48068).
Assuntos
Besouros/microbiologia , Flores/microbiologia , Ipomoea/microbiologia , Saccharomycetales/classificação , Animais , Brasil , DNA Fúngico/análise , DNA Ribossômico/análise , Ecossistema , Genes de RNAr , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Saccharomycetales/genética , Saccharomycetales/isolamento & purificação , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Four strains of an asexual arthroconidial yeast species were isolated from Drosophila flies in two Atlantic rain forest sites in Brazil and two strains from oak tasar silkworm larvae (Antheraea proylei) in India. Analysis of the sequences of the D1/D2 large subunit rRNA gene showed that this yeast represented a novel species of the genus Geotrichum, described as Geotrichum silvicola sp. nov. The novel species was related to the ascogenous genus Galactomyces. The closest relatives of Geotrichum silvicola were Galactomyces sp. strain NRRL Y-6418 and Galactomyces geotrichum. The type culture of Geotrichum silvicola is UFMG-354-2T (=CBS 9194T=NRRL Y-27641T).
Assuntos
Drosophila/microbiologia , Geotrichum/classificação , Mariposas/microbiologia , Animais , Brasil , DNA Fúngico/análise , DNA Ribossômico/análise , Genes de RNAr/genética , Geotrichum/genética , Geotrichum/isolamento & purificação , Índia , Larva/microbiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mariposas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , RNA Ribossômico/genética , Saccharomycetales/classificação , Análise de Sequência de DNA , ÁrvoresRESUMO
Sixteen strains of the new yeast species Candida sergipensis have been isolated from frozen pulps of the tropical fruits umbú ( Spondias tuberosa Avr. Cam.) and mangaba ( Hancornia speciosa Gom.). Candida sergipensis was one of the prevalent species in the yeast community of these substrates. The new asexual ascomycetous yeast is phylogenetically related to Candida spandovensis and Candida sorbophila, species belonging to the Wickerhamiella clade, as evidenced by the sequences of the D1/D2 domains of their large subunit ribosomal DNAs. The species C. sergipensis and C. spandovensis can be separated on the basis of growth on 50% glucose agar, xylose and succinate, negative for the first species and positive for the second. The type culture is strain UFMG-R188 (CBS 9567).